Wheeled earth scraper



July 11, 195o M. R. MISKIN WHEELED EARTH SCRAPER 2 sheets-shew:4 1

Filed June 25. 1947 y July 11, 195o M. R. MlsKlN 2,514,782

wHEELEn EARTH scRAPER mea June 25, 194'? 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 1 ....mnul'llnu "Humm" ulullul ulemu|||||||um M Patented .uy 11g, 19.5.0

'Merli'nR MiskimUcomjIaho; assigner to ArthurV Ri Miskin; i Ucon; Idaho y i The. invention-relatesto wlee'l'edlearth yScrapers .'of'the type wherein -a-n. earthf-receiving-eandLtrans- .portingf pan or. scoop is..mounted for movement `over the: ground behind atractor or .like towing vehic1e and. isarranged .to be .moved at will.. be-

'tween. a ground-scraping. or iilling. position, -a

somewhat elevated carrying position, andia .dump- ,1ing'sordischargi-ng position. .Thepresent machine paisoncludes; a gatefor. aprons-'f or .closing theopen -sdefoft the scoopfwheniinsaidcarrying position,

whereby to: prevent escape of.. .the earth .during transport, whichfgate .is --automatically moved, in dofaordinationgwith mover-mentsy of the. scoop. between Lits. carrying, and. `iilline positions, to and from-4a; position .permitting substantially. unre- .strictedaaccess offthe earth .-to. the .sccopwhen the latter l is- Lin.fsaidr1ling, position. Fluid, actuated mcans isuch .fon .example Las l `hydraulic.rams .or `fnioisors,.are provided-.on themachineior. eiecting the several movements of the scoop and gate,the

motive iiuid for such power ymeans,br-:ir1gws1i1oplied:througmappropriatelcondmts..extending to uatffluid :pum-p on thetractor.. lSsuitabie Acgmtrols ion'tgouerning; .the supply, of. Ifluid. .to i the motors, and-ieinhaustd'fiiereirom, .are preferably. located. on

`vthe traotonadjacentf theioperators seat-:whereby -fvffromsuchg station-.oneman maycontrolall.. operationsiof both tractor. and. scraper.

Hille-invention has-.for..c ne.of its more. important chieste-the.piiovisiomof,improvedfmechanism for i eiectingyand .cosordinating `the various move- .mentsotthessorapeliipamandgate.

practical-embodiment. of. the.4 invention is villustrated in. the,aceompanyingzdrawings forming ffaipartrofithis :specificatien,lin.whichsp .1l fisio fplanview of. one .side portion .of :an -earthf :scraper .constructed .and arranged.. in 1 accordance;` withthefinvention;

,for s-the. sake` of. clearness; and the. parts being showninfthecarrying position;

v.show .nare duplicated. atthe other. side, in j. like relationships. y

.The .machine comprises a. .rigid Vrectangular :frame composed of side members .ll and transverse memberslf and' L3, from themid portion ofthe. latteriol". whichthere. extends a tongue, i4

.means of which, the/machine maybe convnelcted'. toand' drawnbya tractor or similar veili- 2 cie.. :Eaciisi'amemher n' rigidly carries a stub axle: .lluponwhch is. mounted a, .supporting Wheel 176i. AR'ositioiled Withinthe frame members il', "IZ and I3! is a rectangular pan or scoop 20, .comprising .end walls 2l, .a bottom Wall 22'land arear` wallf23`, The top andfront ofthescoop l.are open, and'. suitabletransversely spaced. vertically, disposed bracingplates 215" may be. provided within` the. scoop .to .reinforce the bottoniY and rear.v walls. thereof against. unduev deformation. .The forward ed'geof'the bottom wa1l.2'2 may .also be, reinforced by. a. hardenedu and sharpenedl .cut- .ter plate25`.

The. scoopiis. Inox/ably mounted in the frame means-.of-guide linksff26`, and.. supporting-.and actuating,.bell ..crank.leverszfl. @ne end of each link 26' i`s."pivotall-.y, .connected to the adjacent framev side-member l] as vat.v 28', ,While the...other ends of such links are pivotally. .connected .torearw-ardf. portions of the respective end'. walls. IZ! of the. scoop.as.at .29; The beilscrank .leversl't are .pivotally mounted on the. respective frame. mem- -otally` connected at. 32, to. the rmedial portion lof the:A adjacent. end fwali. 2.! of. the scoop, while their other arms .33 .extendupwardl'y and terminate'i-n shackles--3llY :to .Whichare pivotally connected,

.ofi theisaidfiframeimembers. Motiveluid isesupplied to and exhausted from. therespectiverends .ofxthe .ram .cyindersby vmeans of. pipes #iii @and 944,., .to which.` are Aconnected.Y the rubber .hosings sor, l-ikelexible conduits` 42 andt43z@ (Eig. s2) which .extend iorvszard-ly to '.theatractor... As aboveindicated, this vehicle: is; equipped: Withtany suitable timid; pumpv` ortsupplyingsluid .under pressure'to the said:conduit/s3A anda-alsofwithfappropriatefcon- Viventionalfcontrol valves whereby the; fiuidf mayv be fed to land:` `exhausted;from;` the; respective; :ends

`ofithe.vamtcfylindersias required.. v

` VAlso:.'n'rourited withirrtheijframe; is a: movable l apron or gate@425,'.arnarrgemtoicioseitheeopenitront of the: scoop: 211': when :the lattertisf in its: carrywithin andsl'ig-l'itly overlap the forwardv edge-"of the carrying "position ofthe-scoop; the Alower edge ofthe gate Wallidsubstantialiy- Vmeets or abuts the' `loadof Vmaterial; Yin the 'latter during- Atrans-y ).port'.

The gate 45 is swingably mounted on the frame by supporting and actuatinglinks 50, and supporting and guiding links 5|. One end of each link 50 is pivotally connected as at 52 to the adjacent frame member |I, while the other ends of such links are pivotally connected at 53 to the respective gate wings 41. One end of each link 5| is pivotally connected at 54 to the adjacentygate wings 41 are provided with extensions 51 positioned to engage stop members 58 carried by the frame members whereby to limit downward movement of the said links and gate to the positions shown in Figs. 2 and 4.

Each link 50 carries a dog 60 overlying the rearward end portion of such link and pivotally Iconnected at 6| to straps 62 rigidly carried by the link. The dogs project somewhat beyond the rear ends of their links, and their upper surfaces are engageable by pins or lugs 63 rigidly carried by and projecting from the end walls 2| of the scoop. These dogs and lugs provide means for transmitting motion from the scoop, through links 50, to

.the gate 45, whereby the latter may be elevated to the inoperative position shown in Fig. 3 as the scoop is moved to its ground-scraping or lling position, as will appear more fully below.

The operation of the above described mechanism is as follows:

Assuming the parts to be in the positions shown in Fig. 2, if it be desired to fill the scoop, the control valve at the operators station on the tractor is manipulated to supply fluid under pressure to the left hand ends of the rams 31, resulting in movement of the piston rods 36 toward the right. This swings the bell-crank levers 21 in a clock- Awise direction and through the pivotal connections 32 of their arms 3|, lowers the scoop 2U to bring the leading edge 48 of its bottom wall 22 into scraping engagement with the ground. In

` this lowering of the scoop it is guided by the links 26, which cause it to assume the position shown in Fig. 3, with its bottom wall 22 more or less parallel to the ground surface.

As the scoop is thus lowered,vthe pins or lugs 63 carried by its end walls 2| press downwardly on the dogs 66 which, through their connections 6| and the straps 62, swingl the links 56 in a counterclockwise direction about their pivots 52, thereby raising the gate 45 to the Fig.. 3 position.

The front of the scoop is thus opened for the admission of earth as the scoop is drawn over the ground by the tractor. The lower portion of the gate 45 is guided during the gate movements to i and from the Fig. 3 position by the links 5| and retain during transport of the earth contained in the scoop to the point at which it is to be discharged. During the restoration of the parts to the carrying position, the gate 45 is not positively actuatedbut rather drops by gravity action, since at its highest point (shown in Fig. 3) the pivotal connections 53 between the links 50 and gate 45 have not passed beyond the vertical plane of the,

link pivots 52, and therefore as the lugs 63 relieve their pressure on the dogs 60, the gate will drop back to the Fig. 2 position, where it will prevent the contents of the scoop from spilling out through the open front thereof. y

When the point of discharge is reached, the operator manipulates the control valve to supply additional fluid to the right hand ends of the rams 31, thereby effectingI swinging of the bellcranks 21 in a counterclockwise direction from the Fig. 2 to the Fig. 4 position. By reason of the linkage 26 this motion of the bell-cranks produces a bodily tilting of the scoop through an angle of approximately 90 and brings its open forward side to the bottom, and its bottom wall 22 to a substantially vertical position, as will be clear from Fig. 4. During this action the gate is retained in its Fig. 2 position by reason of the engagement of the pivot extensions 51 with the frame carried stops 58, and the gate thus does not interfere with the discharge of the earth from the now downwardly facing open side of the scoop.

During the swinging of the scoop to the Fig. 4 position, the pivoted ends 32 of the bell-crank arms 3| engage the under surfaces of the dogs 6U, but since these are pivoted on their links and since the swinging of the scoop moves the lugs 63 upwardly out of their way, the dogs are merely swung upwardly on their pivots 6| without transmitting any motion to the links 50 and gate-45. y

The parts may be left in the Fig. 4 position during return of the machine to the loading point, or if desired the rams may be actuated to restore the scoop to the Fig. 2 position for such return trip.

What is claimed is:

l. In a wheeled earth scraper, the combination of a frame mounted for ground traverse; a scoop having end walls and lan open side, mounted on the frame for movements between a groundscraping and filling position and an elevated carrying position; means for positively moving the sc-oop between said positions at will; a gate disposed adjacent the scoop `and normally positioned to substantially close the open side of the latter when it is in its said carrying position; means mounting said gate on the frame for vertical swinging movements relative to the scoop, comprising a pair of supporting and actuating links Iand a pair of supporting and guiding links, each pivot-ally connected to the gate and to the frame; and projections on the end walls of said scoop engageable with portions of said actuating links as the scoop is moved from its carrying to its lling position, whereby to exert force on such links and thereby swing the gate to an elevated position substantially clearing the open side of the scoop, said projections relieving their pressure on the gate actuating links as the scoop is returned to its carrying position, whereby the gate may be restored to its normal position by gravitational action.

2. In a wheeled earth scraper, the combination of a frame mounted for ground traverse; a scoop having end Walls and an open forward side, mounted on the frame for movements between a ground-scraping and filling position and an elevated carrying position; means for positively moving the scoop between said positions at will a gate disposed adjacent the scoop and normally positioned to close the open forward side of the latter when it is in its said carrying position; means mounting said gate on the frame for'vertlcal swinging movements relative tothe scoop, comprising a pair of supporting and actuating animee links and a pair of supporting and guiding links, said actuating links being pivotally connected at one end to the frame and at their other end to the upper portion of the gate, and said guiding links being pivotally connected at one end to the frame and at their other end tothe lower portion of t the gate, whereby the sets of links may impart a vertically swingably mounted on said frame and having pivotal connections with the scoop medially between its forward and rearward sides controllable power means connected to said arms for swinging them to raise and lower the scoop at will between a lowered ground-scraping and filling position, an elevated discharging position, and an intermediate carrying position; and :a simple inextensible link disposed longitudinally of the frame land having one of its ends pivotally connected thereto and its other end pivotally connected to the scoop independently of the arm pivots thereof, said link translating the motion K vof the scoop-supporting arms throughout their movement of the scoop from its scraping position to its carrying and disehargingpositions into `unidirectional tilting movement of the scoop about its arm pivots whereby to materially elevate the rearward portion of the scoop above its open forward' side in said discharging position, the link reversing said tilting movement throughout lowering of the scoop from said discharging position to its carrying and scraping positions.

4. In a wheeled earth scraper and carrier, the combination of a wheel-mounted frame; a scoop lhaving an open forward side for the admission and discharge of earth;` vertically swingable scoop-supporting arms pivotally connected to the scoop medially between its forward and rearward sides, said arms being swingably mounted on the frame ata point longitudinally displaced from the scoop pivots; controllable power means connected to said arms for swinging them to raise and lower the scoop at will between a lowered ground-scraping andlling position, an elevated discharging position, and an intermediate carrying position; and a simple inextensible link disposed longitudinally of the frame and having vone of its ends pivotally connected to the scoop independently of the arm connections therewith and its other end pivotally connected to the frame at a point longitudinally displaced from such arm connections in a direction opposite to the displacement of the arm mounting on the frame,

said link translating the motion of the scoopsupporting arms throughout their movement of the sc-oop from its scraping position to its carrying and discharging positions into unidirectional tilting movement of the scoop "about its 5. In fa wheeled earth scraper and carrier, the combination of a Wheel-mounted frame; a scoop having an open forward side for the admission and discharge of earth; vertically swingable scoop-supporting arms pivotally connected to the scoop medially between its forward and rearward sides, said arms being swingably mounted on the frame at a point adjacent one of said scoop sides; controllable power means connected to the arms for swinging them to raise and lower the scoop xat will between a lowered ground-scraping and lling position, an elevated discharging position, and an intermediate carrying position; an-d a simple inextensible link disposed longitudinally of the frame and having one of its ends pivotally connected to the scoop at a point longitudinally displaced from the medial portion of the latter in the same direction as the displacement of the arm mounting on the frame, the other end of said link being pivotally connected to the frame at a point longitudinally displaced in the opposite direction from the medial portion of the scoop, said link translating the motion of the scoop-supporting arms throughout their movement of the scoop from its scraping position to its carrying and discharging positions into unidirectional tilting movement of the scoop about its arm pivots whereby to materially elevate the rearward portion of the scoop :above its open forward side in said discharging position, the link reversing said tilting movement throughout lowering of the scoop from said discharging position to its carrying and scraping positions.

6. In a wheeled earth scraper and carrier, the combination of a wheel-mounted frame; a scoop having an open forward side for the admission and discharge of earth; vertically swingable scoop-supporting arms pivotally connected to the lower portion of the scoop medially between its forward and rearward sides, said arms being swingably mounted on the frame at a point adjacent the rearward side of the scoop; controllable power means connected to said arms for swinging them ,to raise and lower the scoop at will between a lowered ground-scraping and filling position, :an elevated discharging position, and an intermediate carrying position; and a simple inextensible link disposed longitudinally of the frame and having one of its ends pivotally connected thereto adjacent the medial portion of the scoop, the other end of said link being pivotally connected to the rearward portion of the scoop, said link translating the motion of the scoop-supporting arms throughout their movement of the `scoop from its scraping position to its carrying and discharging positions into unidirectional tilting movement of the scoop yabout its arm pivots whereby to materially elevate the rearward portion of the scoop above its open forward side in said discharging position, the link reversing said tilting movement throughout lowering of the scoop from said discharging position to its carrying and scraping positions.

MERLIN R. MISKIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,159,045 Paulsen et al May 23, 1939 2,227,433 Berner Jan. '7, 1941 2,445,260 Brimhall July 13, 1948 

